BielefeldGED:Equipment

This page contains description of equipment used by GED group in Bielefeld.

News

Date	Record
May 2019	Frame for the MS unit is ready.
February 2019	Improving the new IP reader for high-resolution scanning.
Oct 2018	MS unit combined with cold trap and installed for use with conventional nozzle. First experiments with synchronous measurements of diffraction patterns and mass-spectra of sample molecular beams.
Mar 2018	New cold trap for experiments with MS unit.
2015 — 2018	Minor improvements.
13 May 2015	A valve for separation of the diffraction and mass-spectrometer chambers has been built.
22 May 2014	Hiden PIC 1000 series mass-spectrometer has been installed.
28 Feb 2014	A new booster pump (Edwards EH500) has been installed.
20 Dec 2013	A new diffusion pump (Edwards Diffstak 250/2000P) has been installed.

Diffractometer

The reconstructed Balzers Eldigraph KD-G2 (one of only two still existing ones worldwide) is presently in use in the laboratory. The most recent papers <bib id="BergerZFN2009" /> and <bib id="ReuterZNB2016" /> contain lots of details about this improved gas electron diffractometer.

Current state

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  The MS unit is in the supporting frame

History

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  October 2018, the MS unit is installed for measurements of molecular beams

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  April 2015, with Hiden MS as residual gas analyser

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  May 2014, the Hiden MS was installed for first measurements

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  December 2013, new pumps installed

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  The instrument in 2012

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  May 2011, heavily improved control panel

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  September 2009, more control devices

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  November 2007, the apparatus is already in Uni-Bielefeld

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  The apparatus with new gun, power supply and recording system (image plates), Jun 2007

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  GED instrument in April 2006 (Uni-Münster)

Sector

In the apparatus at Uni-Bielefeld a sin²-type sector (15 cm in diameter) is used with common formula A*sin²(r/B). The formula shows opening angle of the sector depending on its radius r. Constants A and B are adjusted for corresponding requirements. When the constant B is defined the constant A can be calculated as π/sinⁿ(r_max/B) (n is 2 or 3 for sin² and sin³ types of sector, respectively), where r_max is the maximal possible radius of the sector.

Modelled shapes of sin² and sin³ sectors.

Pumps

Backing Pumps

Backing (fore-vacuum) pumps: Edwards x05 Scrollpump Oilfree, Edwards E2M80 oil pump and Edwards EH500 booster pump. Our last oilfree pump worked 48822.8 hours. On the pictures is the new one.

Edwards E2M80 oil pump (left) and x05 Scrollpump Oilfree pump (right).

The same pumps from side.

More recent picture with the booster pump on top of the oil pump.

Diffusion Pumps

New diffusion pump (Edwards Diffstak 250/2000P), installed in December, 2013:

Old diffusion pump:

Turbo Pumps

Turbo pump (Edwards EXT70H) attached to the electron gun:

Inlet Systems

Room-temperature Nozzle

Inlet device for room temperatures (used by Heinz Oberhammer).

Nozzle tip.

Medium-temperature Nozzle

This nozzle has been constructed for evaporation of compounds in a temperature range from 25 to 380 °C. However, it has also been successfully used for low temperatures below -15 °C.

General view of the inlet device.

A thin copper tube for a gas standard (like CO2) is shown.

A Swagelok valve is used.

Nozzle tip.

Cold Trap

Cold trap designed for using liquid nitrogen and installed from the opposite to the inlet system side.

Below is a similar cold trap for using with mass-spectrometer unit. It is constructed so that molecular beam passes from diffraction volume to MS detector, attached from left side.

In-line mass-spectrometer

A Hiden mass-spectrometer (PIC 1000 series, up to 2500 amu) with EPIC ion counting detector is attached to the electron diffraction unit.

General view of the EPIC detector.

Details of the tip.

In housing of the GED unit.

Valve for separation of the mass-detector and diffraction chamber.

Detection system

Imaging Plates (IP) are used for recording diffraction patterns. IPs are scanned with a Fuji BAS-1800II scanner and the signal is deleted using an eraser.

Fuji BAS-1800II scanner.

Eraser from Raytest company.

BAS-MP 2025 IPs.

Starting from 2019 we also use a newest IP reader Amersham Typhoon, which allows spatial resolution up to 10 μm.

Amersham Typhoon IP reader.

For photo plates/films an EPSON Perfection V850 Pro is used. Its maximal optical resolution declared to be 6400 dpi. Our tests using a USAF-1951 target (see the image below) show that the real maximal resolution is 2048 dpi in the direction of moving lamp and CCD detector, and 2580 dpi for the CCD matrix. This also corresponds to the results of independent testing of an EPSON Perfection V800 scanner, which has essentially the same hardware as V850 Pro. Warning: films should not be scanned directly on the glass surface, otherwise they are not in focus and the resulting images are distorted!

EPSON Perfection V850 Pro scanner.

Fragment of a USAF-1951 target scanned using the V850 at nominal resolution 6400 dpi.

References

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